S390 Alloy Powder: High-Performance Powder Metallurgy Steel for Extreme Applications
S390 is a high-speed powder metallurgy (PM) steel known for its outstanding wear resistance, hardness, and thermal stability. Manufactured by Böhler, S390 is a tungsten-based steel designed for demanding cutting, machining, and industrial applications requiring superior performance.
Chemical Composition and Properties
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 1.60 - 1.75 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 4.50 - 5.00 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 1.50 - 2.00 |
| Vanadium (V) | 4.70 - 5.20 |
| Tungsten (W) | 9.50 - 10.50 |
| Cobalt (Co) | 7.50 - 8.50 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
Key Features of S390 Steel
Extreme Wear Resistance – With high tungsten and vanadium carbide content, S390 excels in abrasive conditions.
High Hardness – Achieves up to 68 HRC after heat treatment, making it one of the hardest tool steels available.
Superior Edge Retention – Ideal for cutting and machining applications requiring long-lasting sharpness.
Thermal Stability – Retains mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, perfect for high-speed machining.
Improved Toughness – The PM manufacturing process enhances toughness compared to conventional high-speed steels.
Applications of S390 Alloy Powder
| Industry | Applications |
|---|---|
| Cutting Tools | High-performance drills, reamers, saw blades, and end mills. |
| Aerospace | High-temperature resistant components for precision machining. |
| Automotive | High-wear parts such as cutting dies and punches. |
| Industrial Tooling | Cold and hot forming tools, wear-resistant parts. |
| Injection Molding | High-pressure molds for extended durability. |
Advantages of S390 Over Other High-Speed Steels
| Comparison | S390 PM Super Steel | Other High-Speed Steels (e.g., M4, S290) |
|---|---|---|
| Edge Retention | Superior | High but lower than S390 |
| Wear Resistance | Extreme | Good (M4, S290) |
| Thermal Stability | Excellent | Moderate (M4) |
| Hardness | 65 - 68 HRC | 62 - 65 HRC |
| Toughness | High (for tungsten-based steel) | Moderate |
| Ease of Grinding | Difficult | Easier (M4) |
FAQ: S390 Powder Metallurgy Steel
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Q1: What makes S390 superior to M4 steel? | S390 has higher hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability than M4. |
| Q2: Is S390 suitable for extreme cutting applications? | Yes, it excels in high-speed machining and abrasive environments. |
| Q3: How does S390 perform in heat? | It maintains strength and edge retention at elevated temperatures. |
| Q4: Can S390 be used in 3D printing? | Yes, its powder metallurgy form makes it suitable for additive manufacturing. |
| Q5: What is the best heat treatment for S390? | Austenitization at 1180-1220°C, followed by tempering at 540-560°C. |
| Q6: Does S390 resist corrosion? | While not stainless, its chromium content provides moderate corrosion resistance. |
Conclusion
S390 alloy powder is one of the highest-performing tool steels available, offering extreme wear resistance, superior edge retention, and excellent thermal stability. Whether for high-speed machining, cutting tools, or industrial applications, S390 provides unmatched durability and efficiency, making it a top choice for professionals seeking premium tool steel performance.
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